The Loneliness Of mice and Men :: essays research papers

The Loneliness Of Mice and MenIn the touching and gripping tale of tin Steinbecks novel, Of Mice and Men, he explains many themes throughout the books. One of the major themes is loneliness, which is shown throughout many different characters, for example, Curleys wife, the stable buck (Crooks), and Lennie.I get sole(a) she said You can bawl out to people, but I cant chatter to nobody but Curley, else he gets mad. Howd you like non to talk to nobody? (Page 87) This quote is said by Curleys wife when all the men went to town, including her husband. It shows that she spends all her time alone, in her house as the men puddle in the fields. She is also not allowed to talk to anyone but her husband who spends all of this time in the fields, so she feels like she is living alone all her life. This forces her to talk to anybody she finds. This shows her cocktail dress of loneliness, and Crooks almost has the same situation.A make fun goes nuts if he aint got nobody. Dont make no di fference who the guy is, longs hes with you. I tell ya he cried. I tell ya a guy gets too lonely an he gets sick. (Page 72-73) As you can see, Crooks also spends most of his time alone because he is black. He is not allowed to enter the bunk house nor go to town with the guys. He is not allowed to enter the bunk house, he is not allowed to go to town with the guys and nobody likes him because he is black. This shows that he has no friendship and his whole life is filled with loneliness. His case is different from Lennies.You aint gonna leave me, are ya George. I know you aint (page 103) Spose George dont come back, spose he took a powder and just aint comin back.

Beloved - Overall Summary Essay -- Essays Papers

Beloved - Overall Summary One of the most common reader responses to Beloved is speechlessness. Readers start out to deal with that speechlessness by trying to determine whether Sethes attempt to kill her children was morally justified or not. These almost always seem homogeneous stilted, insufficient answers to a beautiful, poetic, and profoundly disturbing unfermented. It is as though the novel haunts the reader until he or she incorporates it into some structure of moral judgment. Perhaps trying to overcome the speechlessness with an awkward attempt at moral reasoning is not the most productive way to respond to Beloved. Instead, we might discover that the effect of speechlessness relates to the broader thematic content of the novel. The circumstances of Beloveds death are horrific. Life in thrall is equally horrific. For the former slaves that populate the novel, the past is unspeakable. Every day, Sethe beats back memories of her enslavement at Swee t Home. For a long while, Paul D stooge only verbalize his experiences through song. One of the most common forms of punishment for slaves was gagging with an iron bit. Sethes own mother was forced to wear the bit so oft that she has a permanent smile frozen on her face. Robbing the slave of the power of speech is a powerful way to make him or her feel like a beast. Paul D feels even less than the rooster that struts around him as he sits, mute and chained. Baby S...

me :: essays research papers

CONTACTING MCAFEE AND NETWORK ASSOCIATESLast updated February 12, 2003This file is best viewed in Courier font toproperly display special characters for variouslanguages._______________________________________________WHATS IN THIS commit- Technical Support- Customer utility- Download Support- AVERT Anti-Virus Emergency Response Team- McAfee Beta Program- On-Site Training- coverage a Problem- Linguistic Feedback- meshwork Associates Offices Worldwide_______________________________________________TECHNICAL SUPPORTVisit the mesh topology Associates Technical SupportKnowledgeCenter athttp//knowledge.nai.comThe KnowledgeCenter provides- For all customers, access to return FAQs,Documentation, White Papers, and the MessageBoard (read-only).- For PrimeSupport customers, access to searchthe KnowledgeBase, write into the MessageBoard, and contact technological strengthener staffvia e-mail.For information on PrimeSupport options,contact your gross gross revenue representative or visit theweb sitewww.mcafeeb2b.com/ withstand/primesupport/default.asp_______________________________________________CUSTOMER SERVICEThe Customer proceeds Department is available toconnect you to technical support or to answergeneral (non-technical) questions such as- Version Definition information aboutUpdates and Upgrades- Customer Queries help with licenseentitlement, registration, grant numberinquiries, technical support validation, andmore- Find a Sales Representative Corporate, US,and international sales officesInternet Access to Customer ServiceE-mail services_corporate_divisionnai.comWeb www.nai.comwww.mcafeeb2b.comtoll-free Telephone Access to CustomerService+1-888-VIRUS NO (+1-888-847-8766)CanadaLatin AmericaUnited StatesMonday - Friday, 8 a.m. - 8 p.m.,Central Time00800 12255624 BelgiumDenmarkFinlandFranceGerm allIsraelItalyLuxembourgNetherlandsNorwayPortugalSpainSwitzerlandUnited earth00800 3122 1287Greece+1800 552171 Ireland0800 995054 South Africa020 522 827 Sweden0800 3 192 9147 TurkeyMonday - Friday, 0900 - 1800,Local Time_______________________________________________DOWNLOAD SUPPORTTo download files, visit the McAfee downloadsitewww.mcafeeb2b.com/naicommon/download/- For DAT File Updateswww.mcafeeb2b.com/naicommon/download/dats/find.aspftp//ftp.nai.com/pub/antivirus/datfiles/4.x- For Product Upgradeswww.mcafeeb2b.com/naicommon/download/upgrade/login.aspValid grant number required. Contact NetworkAssociates Customer ServiceIf you need help navigating or downloadingfiles, call+1-972-963-8000_______________________________________________AVERT (ANTI-VIRUS EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM)To see the latest information about emergingvirus threats, enter samples of potentiallyinfected files, and download updated seeengine files, EXTRA.DAT files, and similaranti-virus software for testing, visit theAVERT web site atwww.mcafeeb2b.com/naicommon/avert/default.aspMcAfee also seeks and appreciates generalfeedback._______________________________________________MCAF EE BETA PROGRAMTo download late beta software or to read aboutthe latest beta information, visit the McAfeebeta web site located atwww.mcafeeb2b.com/betaTo advance beta feedback on any McAfee crossway,send e-mail toavbetanai.comMcAfee is devoted to providing solutions basedon your input._______________________________________________ON-SITE TRAINING INFORMATIONContact Network Associates Customer Service orvisit the web site atwww.mcafeeb2b.com/services/mcafee-training/default.asp_______________________________________________REPORTING PROBLEMSIf you find any problems with your McAfeeproduct, please take a moment to review theproducts README file. It includes diminutiveinformation on all Known Issues. If you findany feature that does not appear to functionproperly on your system, or if you believe an coating would benefit greatly fromenhancement, please contact Network Associatesor one of its resellers with your suggestionsor concerns.____________________________________________ ___LINGUISTIC FEEDBACKMcAfee is devoted to providing solutions basedon customer input. If you have any linguisticfeedback or comments regarding language inMcAfee products, send e-mail to us atB2BLoc_USnai.com_______________________________________________NETWORK ASSOCIATES OFFICES WORLDWIDESend correspondence to any of the followingNetwork Associates locations.me essays research papers CONTACTING MCAFEE AND NETWORK ASSOCIATESLast updated February 12, 2003This file is best viewed in Courier font toproperly display special characters for variouslanguages._______________________________________________WHATS IN THIS archive- Technical Support- Customer Service- Download Support- AVERT Anti-Virus Emergency Response Team- McAfee Beta Program- On-Site Training- coverage a Problem- Linguistic Feedback- Network Associates Offices Worldwide_______________________________________________TECHNICAL SUPPORTVisit the Network Associates Technical SupportKnowledgeCenter athttp//knowledge.nai.com The KnowledgeCenter provides- For all customers, access to product FAQs,Documentation, White Papers, and the MessageBoard (read-only).- For PrimeSupport customers, access to searchthe KnowledgeBase, write into the MessageBoard, and contact technical support staffvia e-mail.For information on PrimeSupport options,contact your sales representative or visit theweb sitewww.mcafeeb2b.com/support/primesupport/default.asp_______________________________________________CUSTOMER SERVICEThe Customer Service Department is available toconnect you to technical support or to answergeneral (non-technical) questions such as- Version Definition information aboutUpdates and Upgrades- Customer Queries help with licenseentitlement, registration, grant numberinquiries, technical support validation, andmore- Find a Sales Representative Corporate, US,and international sales officesInternet Access to Customer ServiceE-mail services_corporate_divisionnai.comWeb www.nai.comwww.mcafeeb2b.comtoll-free Telephone Access to CustomerService+1-888-VIRUS NO (+1-888-847-8766)CanadaLatin AmericaUnited StatesMonday - Friday, 8 a.m. - 8 p.m.,Central Time00800 12255624 BelgiumDenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyIsraelItalyLuxembourgNetherlandsNorwayPortugalSpainSwitzerlandUnited demesne00800 3122 1287Greece+1800 552171 Ireland0800 995054 South Africa020 522 827 Sweden0800 3192 9147 TurkeyMonday - Friday, 0900 - 1800,Local Time_______________________________________________DOWNLOAD SUPPORTTo download files, visit the McAfee downloadsitewww.mcafeeb2b.com/naicommon/download/- For DAT File Updateswww.mcafeeb2b.com/naicommon/download/dats/find.aspftp//ftp.nai.com/pub/antivirus/datfiles/4.x- For Product Upgradeswww.mcafeeb2b.com/naicommon/download/upgrade/login.aspValid grant number required. Contact NetworkAssociates Customer ServiceIf you need help navigating or downloadingfiles, call+1-972-963-8000_______________________________________________AVERT (ANTI-VIRUS EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM)To see the latest informa tion about emergingvirus threats, submit samples of potentiallyinfected files, and download updated seeengine files, EXTRA.DAT files, and similaranti-virus software for testing, visit theAVERT web site atwww.mcafeeb2b.com/naicommon/avert/default.aspMcAfee also seeks and appreciates generalfeedback._______________________________________________MCAFEE BETA PROGRAMTo download refreshful beta software or to read aboutthe latest beta information, visit the McAfeebeta web site located atwww.mcafeeb2b.com/betaTo submit beta feedback on any McAfee product,send e-mail toavbetanai.comMcAfee is devoted to providing solutions basedon your input._______________________________________________ON-SITE TRAINING INFORMATIONContact Network Associates Customer Service orvisit the web site atwww.mcafeeb2b.com/services/mcafee-training/default.asp_______________________________________________REPORTING PROBLEMSIf you find any problems with your McAfeeproduct, please take a moment to review theproducts README file. It includes preciseinformation on all Known Issues. If you findany feature that does not appear to functionproperly on your system, or if you believe an masking would benefit greatly fromenhancement, please contact Network Associatesor one of its resellers with your suggestionsor concerns._______________________________________________LINGUISTIC FEEDBACKMcAfee is devoted to providing solutions basedon customer input. If you have any linguisticfeedback or comments regarding language inMcAfee products, send e-mail to us atB2BLoc_USnai.com_______________________________________________NETWORK ASSOCIATES OFFICES WORLDWIDESend correspondence to any of the followingNetwork Associates locations.

Current State Laws on Human Cloning :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Current State Laws on Human Cloning   California Cal. Health & Safety Code, 24185 to 24189. Bans efforts to create a human being by utilizing somatic cellular phone nuclear transfer for the purpose of, or to implant, the resulting product to initiate a pregnancy that could result in the birth of a human being. Ban is to expire January 1, 2003 unless extended by legislature.     Louisiana La. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 40 1299.36 to 1299.36.6. Forbids any person to clone or attempt to clone a human being, and forbids a health facility or agency to allow any individual to clone or attempt to clone a human being in a facility owned or operated by the health facility or agency. Clone is defined as in California law, to involve an intent to initiate a pregnancy. However, a separate democracy law prohibits intentionally destroying a viable fertilized ovum, and requires that no in vitro fertilized human ovum will be farmed or cultured solely for research purposes or any other purposes. La. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 9, 129, 122. Whether this prohibits use of cloned embryos for research depends on how courts will interpret the develop fertilized human ovum.     Michigan Mich. Comp. Laws 333.16274, 333.16275, 750.430a. Forbids any individual to engage in or attempt to engage in human cloning, applying civil penalties (up to a $10 cardinal fine) and criminal penalties ($10 million fine and up to ten years in prison). Human cloning means the use of human somatic cell nuclear transfer technology to produce a human embryo. 333.16274(5). This law clearly forbids creating a cloned human embryo for any purpose, including research. A separate state law also forbids using a live human embryo for nontherapeutic research if... the research substantially jeopardizes the life or health of the embryo... Performing such research is a felony. 333.2685 (1), 333.2691.     Rhode Island R.I. Gen. Laws 23-16.4-2 to 23-16.4-4. Bans use of somatic cell nuclear tra nsfer for the purpose of initiating or attempting to initiate a human pregnancy, as well as the creation of genetically identical human beings by dividing a blastocyst, zygote, or embryo. The law seems to ban cloning by nuclear transfer only if make to initiate a pregnancy. However, a separate law prohibits the use of any live human fetus, whether before or after expulsion from its mothers womb, for scientific, laboratory research, or other kind of experimentation.

The Importance of Dreaming and Sleeping Essay -- Dreaming Dreams Psych

The Importance of Dreaming and sleeping Dreams and woolgather is an all-important(a) part of our lives. Theyre a reliable pargonntageof insight, psycheal enrichment, and life affirming revelations. Dreams are the languageof a individuals subconscious mind. Before a person starts to dream, there are certaincycles or stages that a person goes by means of in their sleep. Sleeping is important to ourlives. Many people spend somewhat twenty five years sleeping and dreaming. on that point arefour-ninety excellent stages of sleep that a person goes through a night. To begin withstage one. This is when active is regular, heart rate slows down, and blood pressuredecreases. A person could be quiet be awake during this stage. Slowly the person drifts tostage two. During this stage, the person is unaware of what is deprivation on in the outsidesurroundings. As the person falls deeper into sleep, the person goes into stage threeand four. It is harder to wake someone up when they reached this stage. It takes aboutan hour for a person to go through all four stages. Yet, not everyone goes through all ofthese stages a night. Throughout the night, stages four and five repeated. REM (rapideye sackment) takes positioning when a person is at the deepest level of sleep. In REM,eyes move quickly under the eyelid. Dreaming takes place at this stage. Dreams occurmore lots and they are more real at this stage. These dreams are story like, intense,and passionate. (Encarta-psychology, CD-ROM) There are many ways to look at dreams. The psychoanalytic, biological, andcognitive views of dreaming. In psychoanalytic view, Freud came up with a theory calledthe wish-fulfillment theory. Wish-fulfillment theory is dream a interpreting thatemphasizes the roles of the manifestation content of dreams (Huffman, Vernoy, andVernoy, 139). In a psychoanalytic view, they say that dreams are apart(p) signs ofsuppresses needs. In a biological perspective, they believe that d reams are notimportant- they are stimulation of brain cells. In a cognitive view, they believe dreamsare an important part of information processing. (Huffman,Vernoy,and Vernoy, 140)There are no proven facts on why we dream. This is why there are a lot to go with thesetheories on dreaming. There alot of dream theorists that wrote on why people dream.Freud was always ravish by dreams. He believed tha... ...(Encarta, Psychology, CDROM)These people say the dreams are important to live a fulland complete life. It is difficult for us to study dreams and how they work firearm weresleeping. People can only decide for themselves and believe what they was to believein. scarce the dreamer can determine what is right or wrong.OutlineI. introduction to sleep A. Introduction statementII. Typical sleep cycle A. stages of sleep B. dreaming sleepIII. Theories of sleep A. Freuds theory B. Jungs theoryVI. accord dreams A. Self understandinB. Scientific understandingBibli ography 1.Encarta Psychology CD ROM 2.Karen Huffman, Mark Vernoy, Judith Vernoy psychology IN ACTION Wiley John and Son. Inc. COPYRIGHT 1999 3.The CG Jung page HTTP//WWW.CGJUNG.COM 4. The Sigmund Freud page HTTP//WWW.LANDOW.BROWN.EDUPs to the person who gets this i got this with no bibliography or outline and every wordand decry was wrong but i did no reasearch and thats the part that worked for meand i use the internet to fine suitable pages and book titles hehe well hope yourteacher likes it The Importance of Dreaming and Sleeping Essay -- Dreaming Dreams PsychThe Importance of Dreaming and Sleeping Dreams and dreaming is an important part of our lives. Theyre a reliable sourceof insight, personal enrichment, and life affirming revelations. Dreams are the languageof a persons subconscious mind. Before a person starts to dream, there are certaincycles or stages that a person goes through in their sleep. Sleeping is important to o urlives. Many people spend about twenty five years sleeping and dreaming. There arefour-ninety minute stages of sleep that a person goes through a night. To begin withstage one. This is when breathing is regular, heart rate slows down, and blood pressuredecreases. A person could still be awake during this stage. Slowly the person drifts tostage two. During this stage, the person is unaware of what is going on in the outsidesurroundings. As the person falls deeper into sleep, the person goes into stage threeand four. It is harder to wake someone up when they reached this stage. It takes aboutan hour for a person to go through all four stages. Yet, not everyone goes through all ofthese stages a night. Throughout the night, stages four and five repeated. REM (rapideye movement) takes place when a person is at the deepest level of sleep. In REM,eyes move quickly under the eyelid. Dreaming takes place at this stage. Dreams occurmore often and they are more real at this stage. These dreams are story like, intense,and passionate. (Encarta-psychology, CD-ROM) There are many ways to look at dreams. The psychoanalytic, biological, andcognitive views of dreaming. In psychoanalytic view, Freud came up with a theory calledthe wish-fulfillment theory. Wish-fulfillment theory is dream a interpretation thatemphasizes the roles of the manifestation content of dreams (Huffman, Vernoy, andVernoy, 139). In a psychoanalytic view, they say that dreams are hidden signs ofsuppresses needs. In a biological perspective, they believe that dreams are notimportant- they are stimulation of brain cells. In a cognitive view, they believe dreamsare an important part of information processing. (Huffman,Vernoy,and Vernoy, 140)There are no proven facts on why we dream. This is why there are a lot to go with thesetheories on dreaming. There alot of dream theorists that wrote on why people dream.Freud was always enchanted by dreams. He believed tha... ...(Encarta, Psychology, CDROM)The se people say the dreams are important to live a fulland complete life. It is difficult for us to study dreams and how they work while weresleeping. People can only decide for themselves and believe what they was to believein. Only the dreamer can determine what is right or wrong.OutlineI. Introduction to sleep A. Introduction statementII. Typical sleep cycle A. stages of sleep B. dreaming sleepIII. Theories of sleep A. Freuds theory B. Jungs theoryVI. Understanding dreams A. Self understandinB. Scientific understandingBibliography 1.Encarta Psychology CD ROM 2.Karen Huffman, Mark Vernoy, Judith Vernoy PSYCHOLOGY IN ACTION Wiley John and Son. Inc. COPYRIGHT 1999 3.The CG Jung page HTTP//WWW.CGJUNG.COM 4. The Sigmund Freud page HTTP//WWW.LANDOW.BROWN.EDUPs to the person who gets this i got this with no bibliography or outline and every wordand sentence was wrong but i did no reasearch and thats the part that worked for meand i use d the internet to fine suitable pages and book titles hehe well hope yourteacher likes it

The Importance of Dreaming and Sleeping Essay -- Dreaming Dreams Psych

The Importance of Dreaming and Sleeping Dreams and dreaming is an outstanding quality of our lives. Theyre a reliable sourceof insight, soulal enrichment, and life affirming revelations. Dreams be the languageof a persons subconscious mind. Before a person starts to dream, there be certaincycles or stages that a person goes done with(predicate) in their sleep. Sleeping is important to ourlives. Many people spend about twenty five eld sleeping and dreaming. thither are quatern-ninety minute stages of sleep that a person goes through a night. To begin withstage one. This is when breathing is regular, heart rate slows down, and demarcation pressuredecreases. A person could still be awake during this stage. Slowly the person drifts tostage two. During this stage, the person is unaware of what is going on in the impertinentsurroundings. As the person falls deeper into sleep, the person goes into stage threeand four. It is harder to wake person up when they reached th is stage. It takes aboutan hour for a person to go through all four stages. Yet, not everyone goes through all ofthese stages a night. Throughout the night, stages four and five repeated. REM (rapideye movement) takes designate when a person is at the deepest level of sleep. In REM,eyes move quickly under the eyelid. Dreaming takes place at this stage. Dreams occurmore often and they are more existing at this stage. These dreams are story like, intense,and passionate. (Encarta-psychology, CD-ROM) There are many ways to understand at dreams. The psychoanalytic, biological, andcognitive views of dreaming. In psychoanalytic view, Freud came up with a guess calledthe wish-fulfillment theory. Wish-fulfillment theory is dream a interpretation thatemphasizes the roles of the manifestation content of dreams (Huffman, Vernoy, andVernoy, 139). In a psychoanalytic view, they formulate that dreams are hidden signs ofsuppresses needs. In a biological perspective, they believe that drea ms are notimportant- they are stimulation of brain cells. In a cognitive view, they believe dreamsare an important part of information processing. (Huffman,Vernoy,and Vernoy, 140)There are no proven facts on why we dream. This is why there are a lot to go with thesetheories on dreaming. There alot of dream theorists that wrote on why people dream.Freud was always enchanted by dreams. He believed tha... ...(Encarta, psychological science, CDROM)These people say the dreams are important to live a fulland complete life. It is tight for us to study dreams and how they work while weresleeping. People can hardly decide for themselves and believe what they was to believein. Only the dreamer can make up ones mind what is right or wrong.OutlineI. Introduction to sleep A. Introduction statementII. common sleep cycle A. stages of sleep B. dreaming sleepIII. Theories of sleep A. Freuds theory B. Jungs theoryVI. Understanding dreams A. Self understandinB. Scientific understandingBibliography 1.Encarta Psychology CD ROM 2.Karen Huffman, Mark Vernoy, Judith Vernoy PSYCHOLOGY IN ACTION Wiley behind and Son. Inc. COPYRIGHT 1999 3.The CG Jung page HTTP//WWW.CGJUNG.COM 4. The Sigmund Freud page HTTP//WWW.LANDOW.BROWN.EDUPs to the person who gets this i got this with no bibliography or outline and every wordand sentence was wrong but i did no reasearch and thats the part that worked for meand i used the internet to fine suitable pages and prevail titles hehe well hope yourteacher likes it The Importance of Dreaming and Sleeping show -- Dreaming Dreams PsychThe Importance of Dreaming and Sleeping Dreams and dreaming is an important part of our lives. Theyre a reliable sourceof insight, personal enrichment, and life affirming revelations. Dreams are the languageof a persons subconscious mind. Before a person starts to dream, there are certaincycles or stages that a person goes through in their sleep. Sleeping is important to ourlives. Many people spend about twenty five years sleeping and dreaming. There arefour-ninety minute stages of sleep that a person goes through a night. To begin withstage one. This is when breathing is regular, heart rate slows down, and blood pressuredecreases. A person could still be awake during this stage. Slowly the person drifts tostage two. During this stage, the person is unaware of what is going on in the outsidesurroundings. As the person falls deeper into sleep, the person goes into stage threeand four. It is harder to wake someone up when they reached this stage. It takes aboutan hour for a person to go through all four stages. Yet, not everyone goes through all ofthese stages a night. Throughout the night, stages four and five repeated. REM (rapideye movement) takes place when a person is at the deepest level of sleep. In REM,eyes move quickly under the eyelid. Dreaming takes place at this stage. Dreams occurmore often and they are mor e real at this stage. These dreams are story like, intense,and passionate. (Encarta-psychology, CD-ROM) There are many ways to look at dreams. The psychoanalytic, biological, andcognitive views of dreaming. In psychoanalytic view, Freud came up with a theory calledthe wish-fulfillment theory. Wish-fulfillment theory is dream a interpretation thatemphasizes the roles of the manifestation content of dreams (Huffman, Vernoy, andVernoy, 139). In a psychoanalytic view, they say that dreams are hidden signs ofsuppresses needs. In a biological perspective, they believe that dreams are notimportant- they are stimulation of brain cells. In a cognitive view, they believe dreamsare an important part of information processing. (Huffman,Vernoy,and Vernoy, 140)There are no proven facts on why we dream. This is why there are a lot to go with thesetheories on dreaming. There alot of dream theorists that wrote on why people dream.Freud was always enchanted by dreams. He believed tha... ...(Enc arta, Psychology, CDROM)These people say the dreams are important to live a fulland complete life. It is difficult for us to study dreams and how they work while weresleeping. People can only decide for themselves and believe what they was to believein. Only the dreamer can determine what is right or wrong.OutlineI. Introduction to sleep A. Introduction statementII. Typical sleep cycle A. stages of sleep B. dreaming sleepIII. Theories of sleep A. Freuds theory B. Jungs theoryVI. Understanding dreams A. Self understandinB. Scientific understandingBibliography 1.Encarta Psychology CD ROM 2.Karen Huffman, Mark Vernoy, Judith Vernoy PSYCHOLOGY IN ACTION Wiley John and Son. Inc. COPYRIGHT 1999 3.The CG Jung page HTTP//WWW.CGJUNG.COM 4. The Sigmund Freud page HTTP//WWW.LANDOW.BROWN.EDUPs to the person who gets this i got this with no bibliography or outline and every wordand sentence was wrong but i did no reasearch and thats the part that worked for meand i used the internet to fine suitable pages and book titles hehe well hope yourteacher likes it

Sustainable policy development considering general environmental overview

IntroductionSustainability has been an of import job, sing general environmental overview. In modern corporate earth with increased outsourcing and due to competitory market, sustainability has been a large hump. This issue is because of jobs in retracing merchandise s beginning of beginning. Sustainability has a immense planetary impact entirely there a really few methodological analytic thinkings, which incorporate planetary concern. Sustainability is a necessity and should be purely followed to avoid greater environmental issues. Sustainability has to be assessed on a regular basis by local regulating organic structures and demands to respond suitably. In these old ages legion impersonates have been structured to go bad assorted scene impacting people due to environmental alterations. Vulnerability analyses can be used by directors during a development of a undertaking or while bordering policies. A elaborate literature reappraisal is carried out to understand restraints an d methodological analysiss to build a exposure model and its benefits are discussed. A sustainability issue arises when a object/system is under menace of drastic or gradual environmental influence. Best sustainable plan should place environmental hazards/impacts on a system and should besides bring forth necessary recommendations to avoid these impacts. It besides needs to admit certain necessary actions to change by moot around few impacts which is already caused to either system or physical milieus.Literature ReviewSustainable form _or_ system of government developmentThe impression sustainability can be termed as configuration of assorted issues affecting humans development and environment. Achieving sustainability is still a job because current environmental research and implying constabularies are still partial towards natural scientific disciplines ( Egon Becker 2002 ) . Harmonizing to World Commission on Environment and Development, sustainability reference, following is sues, ( Dovers 1994 )PopulationHuman resourceFood securitySpeciessEcosystemsEnergyWaste productionResource usageUrbanizationPeace and securitySustainability can be defined as meets the demands of the present without compromising the ability of future coevalss to supply into their ain demands ( Dovers 1994 ) . Sustainability has now emerged as a planning construct, to develop and pull off a community ( Emmanuel Adinyira n.d. ) . Globally sustainability issue has become a outstanding issue while sing insurance ( Tony Meppem 1998 ) . Harmonizing to ( Emmanuel Adinyira n.d. ) , sustainable appraisal means using huge rules of sustainability and analyzing what actions may take to which environmental issues and how much magnitude can this issue affect. It is besides used in context for supervising patterned advance of an administration or community towards sustainably. In context of sustainable development, these methodological analysiss influences impact sustainable appraisals of pro posed undertakings or policies ahead their execution assisting towards a sustainable hereafter. ( MOSER 1998 ) Debates that recent sustainable policy recommendations for rural development has changed landscape by sing exposure constructs influenced by drouth, exigencies, war etcetera , . As other cultural developments, even sustainable policy bordering aims depending on involvement and position of assorted topics like, corporate enterpriser, ecologist, and environmental activities. Continuity of different positions and demand s will impede an emerging policy way due to miss of consensus ( Tony Meppem 1998 ) . These issues should be addressed by foregrounding few critical victor factors resolved by environmental militant to act upon corporate giants to amend directivity towards sustainable policy s development. Thus a exposure model developed should eliminate complexness and should concentrate on ( 1 ) Identifying exposure and its impact in order to prioritise their actions. ( 2 ) Design of policy function measuring exposure impacts ( Luers 2005 ) .Sustainability needs to turn to assorted issues, which influences environment either for a short or long span. These issues can bring forth itty-bitty or irreversible long impact on our environment. A strong administration organic structure should be established to organize with local governments to run and connote environmental constabularies to direct them towards sustainability. Before we analyse their exposure, it is necessary to understand assorted issues that concerns our modern changing universe. Harmonizing to ( Dovers 1994 ) these issues are,Vulnerability Sustainability ConceptVulnerability is the extent to which a system is adapts or non to perverse environmental effects like clime alteration etc, . ( M.J. Metzger 2006 ) . Properties of universe is altering and their inauspicious effects are expected to increase over the following tenner ( M.J. Metzger 2006 ) , therefore a clear apprehension of the se issues and effects demands to be understood carefully and incorporated while developing future undertakings. A exposure analysis helps to prioritise these effects and besides helps in bordering subsequent possible steps. Thus exposure is defined which include both traditional impact appraisals and its version to sell with possible impacts on environment ( Luers 2005 ) .It is highly hard to analyze comparative magnitude of sustainability issues due to its unsure complexness, this issue is cemented by graduating information and inevitable recommendations turn toing a wide and divergent group ( Corporate, ecologist, environmental militant etc. , ) ( Dovers 1994 ) . The construct of exposure is misunderstood with poorness in different states. But in existent poverty is more inactive issue that can be addressed by specific attack improbable Vulnerability is more a dynamic issue and needs changeless monitoring and needs to be addressed by situational and strategic attack ( MOSER 1998 ) . Few critical causes for regional exposure are improper direction, practises and geographical concerns. Governments, regulating sustainability have issues in bordering policy s as discussed earlier table 2 illustrates few issues sing the same. The issues, harmonizing to writer ( Dovers 1994 ) are classified under two major categorizations ( 1 ) Problem bordering properties and ( 2 ) Response Framing attributes. Vulnerability of a conjugate human-environment systems and subsequent policy and model developments needs to reply inquiries like who is affected, what are the features of these exposure and where does necessary alterations required.

Doubt and the Acquisition of Knowledge Essay

Is suspect of any value in acquiring facts and knowledge? There are a number of approaches to tackling this question. If we were to look at diverse religious philosophies such as the teachings of Hinduism, Buddha and Christ, the disadvantages of doubt can be ascertained. The Bible says that there is a proper time for everything under the sun Every action and every purpose has its proper time (Ecclesiastes 317) This statement has bearing on the question as to the role doubt can play in acquiring knowledge.It implies that there is a proper time for doubt. I feel that champion such time is when doubt serves as a driving surprise towards acquiring knowledge. Doubt certainly can be a stumbling block in acquiring knowledge and using it. Doubt can make an separate leery and hesitant. Yet, like most aspects of life, doubt can have both positive and negative effects on anything, including the process of learning and acquiring knowledge. succession doubt can make one skeptical, it can a lso serve as a driving force to motivate a someone to arise the truth.In the opening quote, Dr. Bartus points out that insecurity and uncertainty can have value. Elsewhere in his book, he says that false assumptions and self-delusions are our greatest obstacles to solving problems (p. 107). This opinion has bearing on the role of doubt in acquiring knowledge. Certainly, doubt can be an obstacle to acquiring knowledge, but when doubt causes a person to examine (or re-examine) his or her assumptions and discover his or her self-delusions, then doubt has served a valuable service that can lead to a search for answers and knowledge.While doubt can make people closed minded, I feel that doubt can drive people to ask probing questions that increase ones knowledge when they pursue the answers to their questions. Columbus and Magellan doubted that the world was flat. They resolved to prove their point by sailing around the world to India. Even though the world is round, these explorers t ook a great chance. There was no guarantee that one could sail from Europe to India even if they were correct about a round world. They had no idea as to what dangers might lay ahead.There could have been scorching deserts, impassable jungles, large continents covered by marshland, hostile people, man eating animals, bitter cold or any one of an infinite number of unknown dangers. Whatever they encountered would have confirmed or refuted their doubts and added to the knowledge of the time. So, doubt can definitely assist one in acquiring knowledge. Attempting to answer questions that arise from doubt can cause/create insecurity. It takes courage to face the uncertainties that arise when challenging and facing your doubts and the unknown, but the honour gained in pursuit of the challenge can be worthwhile and valuableUltimately, I must conclude that doubt can serve as both an asset and a hindrance in acquiring knowledge, but those who are willing to face their doubts may find their efforts rewarding. In the end, perhaps doubt leads to questions that grow about the acquisition of knowledge. I would like to think that is the best outcome and reward from doubt. We do not progress by being perfect. We progress by making mistakes and correcting them, and we do not acquire knowledge without doubt, but by having doubts and resolving them. Perhaps that is as it should be. The uncertainty and insecurity of doubt propels us advancing towards greater knowledge.

Somatic Marker Hypothesis

Critically estimate to what extent the somatic- scratch hypothesis relieves how endings be made in the face of an uncertain outcome. In mind of Kim Sterelnys (2007) statementation that Human Life is one long conclusiveness tree, it is not surprising that there has been a vast amount of research into the process of how we evaluate the desirability of alternative survival of the fittests and select a particular option.One area of research, of particular interest here, is Damasios Somatic Marker Hypothesis (SMH) (1991) which uses the neuroeconomic approach through its consolidation of the fields of psychology, neuroscience and economics to invoke an understanding of how one makes a purpose (Damasio, Tranel & Damasio, 1998). This Theory supports the RAF hypothesis that significant risky outcomes elicit ablaze reactions (Stanfey, Loewenstein, McClue & Cohen, 2006,).The SMH proposes that random ratiocination do is the will of emotion-based biasing signals in the body- in par ticular from the Ventromedial Prefrontlet Cortex (VMPFC) (Bechara, Damasio, Tranel & Damasio, 2005). This concept leave alone be discussed in further detail (with reference to its origin and experimental support), followed by a critical abridgment of the extent to which the SMH successfully explains what it contends to.Since the SMH focuses solely on the economic consumption of emotion in finish qualification, the principle Planning Model (1995) will also be examined in comparison to the SMH for its explanation of decision making as a purely analytical and rational process. The sharp Planning Model by Banfield (1995) proposes that the decision maker consciously undergoes five steps when coming to a decision and so approaches the choice in a very rational manner. Subsequently, an evaluation of the two theories for stochastic decision making will follow to discern how well they account for stochastic decision making.The SMH stemmed from attempts to explain why a patient (E. V. R. ), with an ablation of the VMPFC, often engaged in behaviors that were detrimental to his wellbeing (Damasio, 1996). Emotion was originally believed to be a disruptive force in decision making, but since the VMPFC is in charge of emotional function, it was now speculated to be essential for the ability to make a decision. Further investigation into this phenomenon through neuropsychological examination, found that those patients with damage to their VMPFC evinced a generally flat affect and an inability to respond to emotional situations (Bolla et al. 003). Thus, Damasio extracted that the decision making deficits see to itd by these patients was a sequel of this altered psychophysiological response (Damasio, 1996). His SMH contends that when presented with a decision, the normal brain will use the VMPFC to react emotionally to the situation and dedicate somatic markers in order to come to a decision. A somatic marker is best defined as the brains construction of a physiologi cal intensify that it apprehends for the selection of a particular strategy. It supposedly guides attention towards the more plus option (Dalgleish, 2004).This enables the organism to react quicker to external stimuli as it no yearlong needs to wait for the activity to emerge in the periphery before it can elicit a reaction (Dalgleish, 2004). Furthermore, the VMPFC is thought to support standoff acquisition between complex situations and the somatic changes usually experienced during a particular situation (Jameson, Hinson, & Whitney, 2004). Put simply, once a previous situation that elicited alike(p) somatic markers is identified, the VMPFC can use past experiences to rapidly evaluate possible behavior responses.So when the VMPFC suffers impairment, the somatic marker system can no longer be activated, resulting in an absence of physiological feedback and an inability to predict long term punishments and rewards. This occurrence has been termed Myopia for the future, where a decision may only be formulated by the use of a logical cost-benefit analysis (Dalgleish, 2004). However, if one was presented with an uncertain situation, the result would be marked impairment. The SMH substantiates its argument through the experimental ikon the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) (Bechara et al, 1997, cited in Dunn, Dalgleish & Lawrence, 2006).The task measures decision making in patients with VMPFC brain lesions and compares it to those people with a normally functioning VMPFC. The experiment involves selecting a pecker from a choice of four decks- each of which attributes different levels of reward and punishment in the form of winning or losing pretend money. Two of the decks provide a low reward and a low level of punishment and were labeled the advantageous decks. The remaining two decks provide a high reward and a high level of punishment and were named the inopportune decks. Control articipants initially sampled both decks equally but shifted their choice to the a dvantageous decks after experiencing the high punishment from the disadvantageous one. Conversely, the subjects with damage to their VMPFC were seemingly insensitive to the negative consequences of the disadvantageous decks and would continually choose from these decks on account of their high reward (Dunn et al. 2006). The study concludes that the reason the patients failed to comprehend the advantageous decks as the more profitable option, was due to their inability to generate the somatic markers necessary for such a realization (Dunn et al. 006). Furthermore, Bechara et al. (2005) combined the gambling task with the measuring rod of skin-conductance response (SCR). It was found that control subjects elicited larger anticipatory SCRs before picking from the disadvantageous decks as oppose to the advantageous decks. The absence of anticipatory SCRs in the VMPFC lesion group confirmed the failure for the VMPFC to activate negative, physiological marking signals based on previous p unishment history which ultimately made them insensitive to the porta of future punishment from the deck (Schmitt, Brinkley & Newman, 1999).Hence, a positive correlation between successful IGT performance and a healthy participants ability to develop somatic marker signals was reported. The extensive validation of the IGT, strengthens the evidence for the role of emotion in decision making. For example, patients with various kinds of frontal lobe damage and patients with lesions to the lateral temporal or occipital cerebral cortex have also been tested in the IGT (Best, Williams & Coccaro, 2002). Of these patients, only the ones with damage to their VMPFC appear to be impaired on the task (Bechara, Damasio & Damasio, 2000).Furthermore, Overman (2004) has conducted a study outside of the Iowa research lab and has replicated Damasios findings with the extension of gender differences. Overmans results showed that adolescent men chose from the decks on the basis of long-term outcome only. Moreover, the predictive validity of the IGT and therefore SMH, has demonstrated an association between the response of OCD patients to pharmacotherapy and performance on the IGT (Cavedini, Bassi, Zozi & Bellodi, 2004).This depicts the behavioral form of the IGT to be a very sensitive measure of decision making as its results are highly applicable to real world decision making (e. g. those with OCD). Although the study does much to support the SMH argument, it has also received a lot of criticism which will be subsequently addressed. It has been contested that the work from the Iowa laboratory provides only superficial support for the SMH, since closer analysis can reveal issues that potentially undermine its argument for decision making in the face of an uncertain outcome.For example, Maia & McClelland (2004) contend that the IGT can be performed through access to conscious, explicit knowledge since the task allows a lengthy prison term to deliberate over each decision- esp ecially since the outcomes are presented in explicit numerical form. Thus, they refute the claim that task acquisition necessarily requires the generation of non conscious somatic marker signals which effectively weakens the extent to which the SMH accurately explains decision making in terms of emotion- for it may not be the result of an implicit neural mechanism (Maia & McClelland, 2004. Another criticism of the IGT (and therefore the SMH) is that the patients with VMPFC damage could have been quite apathetic to the studys demands and expectations. Barrash, Tranel & Anderson (2000) report that patients with lesions to their VMPFC often experience symptoms of apathy and are actually capable of improving their emotional response to affective images if instructed to look carefully. Therefore, if the patients are in fact competent of generating anticipatory SCRs and successfully completing the task, it can be postulated that enhancing their engagement levels would raise their results to match the control groups.In terms of the implications this would have for the SMH, it would serve as evidence that emotion does not fun that great a role in decision making since they can still obtain the same results with impaired emotional ability. Furthermore, Fellows and Farah (2005) have suggested that the syndrome of apathy may deserve more attention in understanding impaired decision making. Similarly, another symptom of VMPFC damage, which can adversely affect performance in the IGT, is impaired reversal learning (Rolls, Hornak, Wade & McGrath, 1994).The IGT is centred on a response reversal in which involves a shift in preference from the two initially honour decks to the other two decks due to subsequent punishment (Rolls et al. 1994). Both Fellows & Farah (2005) and Rolls et al (1994), corroborate that lesions to the VMPFC allow normal acquisition but impaired reversal on simple reversal learning tasks. Therefore, the impaired reversal learning, rather than the inab ility to generate somatic markers, may well account for why patients find it so difficult to perform correctly in the IGT.Fellows & Farah (2005) devised a study to test this notion by removing the response reversal. It was found that by eliminating the rewards of the two disadvantageous decks in the opening trials, the performance of the VMPFC impaired patients was the same as that of the control volunteers. This research suggests that the IGT may not have been testing the role of emotion in decision making but instead, how capable the subjects were in their response reversal.Therefore, the extent to which the SMH explains how decisions are made is further limited since the evidence that emotions play a direct role is very weak. Additionally, the SMH is arguably only applicable to certain decision making and cannot account for those decisions that need rationality and a thoughtful, conscious mean process. Banfields Rational Planning Model (1959) (RPM), on the other hand, may serve as a good explanation for decision making in such a situation.Banfield states that a rational decision is made when the decision maker lists all the opportunities for action, recognises all the consequences and selects the action based on the preferred consequence. Additionally, Banfield defines a plan as a decision with regard to a course of action, involving a similar process as any rational choice. The RPM consists of four main stages the analysis of the situation, the end reduction and elaboration (formulating an image of the future had an option been picked), the design of courses of action, and the comparative evaluation of consequences (Banfield, 1995).Banfields RPM is the most widely subscribed cookery supposition to date and although it has experienced criticism, it has been hailed very useful in explaining how we make important decisions. According to Stiftel (2000), important decisions are ones which demand explicit conscious planning such as buying a house or taking a new job. These decisions are arguably unlikely to be a result of the emotional hunches or gut instincts that Damasio discusses since they almost always involved a mental list of pros and cons before arriving at a decision.However, this theory fails to explain why some people make irrational and illogical decisions in the face of an uncertain outcome. For example, criminals do not logically plan or weigh up the consequences of an action before undertaking, which highlights that there are multiple explanations for how people make decisions. Banfield recognises that people are generally very opportunistic in their daily decision making as rather than materialising a course of action, people will improvise and meet each crisis as it arises.For instance, large industries rarely look send more than five to ten years and government planning is even less effective (Stiftel). Since Banfield himself appreciates that the majority of decisions are the unintended outcome of a accessible proces s rather than the conscious product of deliberation and calculation, there is clearly a cause to investigate the role of social processes in decision making (Banfield, 1995 pp. 13). In conclusion, the extent to which the Somatic Marker Hypothesis explains decision making in the face of an uncertain outcome is limited.As it has been demonstrated, Damasios SMH attempts to pin decision making down to emotional biasing signals alone and has received various criticisms for its empirical support. For example, it attempts to validate its theory by testing VMPFC patients who may already be likewise cognitively impaired to perform the task (Barrash et al, 2000). Additionally, the extent to which the IGT measures an implicit response has also been questioned on the grounds that the task allows a great deal of time for deliberation (Maia & McClelland).Thus, Banfields Rational Planning Model was examined as an alternative explanation for decision making. The RPM does a lot to discredit the SMH and is essentially a valuable explanation of how we make decisions since it highlights that the majority of important decisions force the individual into a conscious process of planning and analysing. However, like the SMH, the RPM alone cannot explain decision making for there are individuals (criminals) who defy deliberation. This highlights that decisions are most likely the cause of an interplay of factors, depending on both the situation and person.To summarise, the SMH does little to explain the silken phenomenon of decision making in the face of an uncertain outcome- but it would be too deterministic to deem this process down to just one theory alone. Referencing Banfield, E. C. (1959), Ends and means in planning, International Social Science journal, Vol. 11, pp. 361-8. Barrash, J. , Tranel, D. , Anderson, S. W. , (2000). Acquired personality distrubances associated with bilateral damage to the ventromedial prefrontal region. Developmental Neuropsychology 18 (3), 355381. B echara, A. , Damasio, H. , Damasio, A. R. , (2000).Emotion, decision making and the orbitofrontal cortex. Cerebral Cortex 10, 295307 Bechara, A. , Damasio, H. , Tranel, D. , Damasio, A. R. , (2005). The Iowa Gambling Task and the somatic marker hypothesis some questions and answers. Trends in Cogntive Sciences 9 (4), 159162. Best, M. , Williams, J. M. , Coccaro, E. F. , (2002). Evidence for a dysfunctional prefrontal set in patients with an impulsive aggressive disorder. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 99 (12), 84488453. Bolla, K. I. , Eldreth, D. A. , London, E. D. , Kiehl, K. A. , Mouratidis, M. , Contoreggi, C. , et al. (2003). Orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in abstinent cocaine abusers performing a decision-making task. Neuroimage 19 (3), 10851094. Cavedini, P. , Bassi, T. , Zorzi, C. , Bellodi, L. , (2004). The advantages of choosing antiobsessive therapy according to decision-making functioning. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 24 (6), 628631. Dalgl eish, T. , 2004. The emotional brain. Nature Neuroscience Reviews 5 (7), 583589. Jameson, T. L. , Hinson, J. M. , Whitney, P. , 2004. Components of working memory and somatic markers in decision making. Psychonomic publicize and Review 11 (3), 515520.Damasio, A. R. , 1996. The somatic marker hypothesis and the possible functions of the prefrontal cortex. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (series B) 351 (1346), 14131420. Damasio, A. R. , Tranel, D. , Damasio, H. C. (1998) Somatic markers and the guidance of behaviour. In Jekins, M. J. , Oatley, K & Stein, L. M. (Eds. ), Human Emotion a reader (pp 122- 125). Oxford Blackwell. Dunn, D. B. , Dalgleish, T. , Lawrence, A. D. (2006). The Somatic Marker Hypothesis A critical evaluation. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 30. , 239271. Fellows, L. K. , Farah, M. J. 2005a. Different underlying impairments in decision-making following ventromedial and dorsolateral frontal lobe damage in humans. Cerebral Cortex 15 (1), 5863. Jameson, T. L. , Hinson, J. M. , & Whitney, P. (2004). Components of working memory and somatic markers in decision making. Psychological Bulletin & Review, 11, 515520 Maia, T. V. , McClelland, J. L. , 2004. A revue of the evidence for the somatic marker hypothesis what participants really know in the Iowa gambling task. Proceedings of the National Academy for Science USA 101 (45), 1607516080. Overman, W. H. , 2004.Sex differences in early childhood, adolescence, and adulthood on cognitive tasks that rely on orbital prefrontal cortex. Brain and Cognition 55 (1), 134147. Rolls, E. T. , Hornak, J. , Wade, D. , McGrath, J. , 1994. Emotion-related learning in patients with social and emotional changes associated with frontal lobe damage. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 57 (12), 15181524. Schmitt, W. A. , Brinkley, A. C. , Newman, P. J. (1999). Testing Damasios Somatic Marker Hypothesis With Psychopathic Individuals Risk takers or Risk Averse. Journal of Abno rmal Psychology. 108 (3), 538-543.Sanfey, A. G. , Loewenstein, G. , McClure, S. M. , & Cohen, J. D. (2006). Neuroeconomics cross-currents in research on decision-making. Trends in Cognitive Science, 10, 108-116. Sterelny, K. (2007). Cognitive Load and Human Decision, or, Three Ways of Rolling the Rock Up Hill. In Carruthers, P. , Laurence, S. , & Stich, S. (Eds. ), The Innate Mind Volume 2 Culture and Cognition (PP. 148-152). Oxford Scholarship Online. Stiftel, B (2000). Plannin theory. II. The national AICP examination preparation course guidebook. Ed Roshi Pajaseyed. Am. Inst. Cert. Planners Washington DC. Pp. 4-16

Accountant’s Role in Project Feasibility Essay

Many new find outs which have passed countless feasibleness and viability estimation studies have been sunk by unexpected events such as flood. fire, burglary, changes in legislation, plague, demographic shifts, an inability recruit and/or keep admitable staff, the failure of a major customer, seasonal demands, health scares, product rec anys due to poor quality, withdrawal of financial support, weather, new technology and poor management to list but a few. Many projects of course can pass feasibility tests and studies and be brought und unmatched by sheer incompetence or downright dishonesty. A key instrument in any feasibility speculate must be ensuring that you are dealing with correct facts, correct assumptions and up to date financial data. Almost daily, Tanzanian Newspapers Larry prominent reports of new manufacturing ventures soon to be launched by individual or by local groups.Perhaps, tomorrow a state government will be telling us how college industries will stem the fl ow of y come inhs from rural to urban areas. From the headlines alone Tanzanians cannot escape the feeling that the rest holds great promise for unprecedented stinting and social progress. But these expectations will be fulfilled only if most of the specific projects survive their early lives. Besides, not all those new projects will be completed. Some that get completed will not prove profitable and may soon close down. According to Nwoko (198834) summits that in simple terms one reason for which new projects may not be completed but have to be throw away or profitable ventures may get choked up by controllable environmental factors and circumstance is that proper feasibility analysis was not conducted before take off of project. According to Ume 9197710).. stated that proposals schemes or projects for social, environmental and economic development demand feasibility and viability judgement.See moreManifest Destiny essayIn fact the two fundamental questions which feasibility and viability appraisal seek to answer are inevitable for prudent decision making at all levels in the society. The entrepreneur must have a long range outlook on the intended business enthronisation, examine the alternative go fors of capital and account for inflation in future value of funds flows, and forecast future events and financial requirements and carry sensitivity and risk analysis.These are highly technical areas of knowledge that calls for expertise skills. Therefore this category of valuation holds out limitless opportunities and boundless range for service and rewards for the comptrollers, economists, valuers or appraisers. This study provides an analysis and illustration of the principles of feasibility and viability appraisals and highlights the essence of the subject matter. It also brings into sharp focus the accountants of the essence(p) contributions which have hitherto tended to be lost in wide diffusion1.1Background.The study is divided into two sections. S ection one which comprises chapter 1,2 and 3 deals with the main basis, scope and methodology of he research. Specifically, chapter two provides an evaluation of the theoretical concept of investment appraisal. Hence, the contributions of various writers with regard to the concepts of feasibility and viability studies as well as the role of the accountant in that location off are examined under the heading literature review. The second section comprises chapter 4 and 5, and focuses on feasibility and viability case study on a practical illustration of feasibility and viability case study of a household cassava-starch production.1.2Statement of the problemOne of the problems of a successful industrialization in the developing countries is undoubtedly lack of formulation of a project in such a way that its potential profitability either from the public or snobby view point can be estimated on a firm basis. According to Ezeanagu (199114). This assertion is evidently proved by the su rvival rate of the case directorate of employment supported small scale enterprises in Nigeria which has been put at a mere 15%. According to Uwakaneme (19801) this problem can be pinned on the tendency in Nigeria entrepreneurs to neglect thinking through their plans carefully in the beginning in form of feasibility and viability study before committing only funds and energy apart from insufficient starting capital and shortage of skilled technical and managerial manpower.Many good business ventures are abandoned after plunging in huge amounts of money because their originator just embarked upon them in that they feel there is market demand and they could get enough funds to perform the project. According to Ughamadu 9199018) regrettably, as Uwakaneme (19803) puts it, many Nigerian businessmen see feasibility studies not as a vital part of their project but as an imposition and an absolute necessity for fulfilling loan requirements or for attracting equity participation.Thus, the more embellished the report the better. Available evidence indicates that even trusted accountants, consultants prepare project reports and projections to suit their clients requirements and earn their fees insensitive of the credibility to Olashore 919855), consequently, the proposals get rejected by the bankers, or share the facilities granted, the business proprietors soon find themselves in trouble when they are approach with real life situations as distinct from the rosy picture painted by the initial projections by the accountants.1.3Research objectives1.To determine the main techniques of appraisal commonly choose for analytical purposes and to determine the reasonableness of such in practical situations. 2.To appraise the potential of feasibility and viability studies in successfully carrying out a project ideas. 3.To pose the general role of the accountant in the formation and development of business. 4.To identify the specific role of the accountant in feasibility and viability appraisals. 5.To illustrate the principles and applications of feasibility and viability studies suing a small scale cassava starch plant as a case studyMain objectiveSpecific objective1.4Research questions.Following from the problems identify in the problem statement as stated above, the following fundamental questions have income imperative for this study 1.What are the underlying principles and significance of feasibility and viability appraisals? 2.What bear on do feasibility and viability appraisals have on the survival o failure of new projects? 3.What is the role of a professional accountant in the preparation of thinkable feasibility and viability appraisals in order to help avert project failure1.5Scope of the studyThis study does not dwell much on the truth or otherwise of the failure of accountants to carry out their role in feasibility and viability appraisals but merely examines what that role should be using a case study. Hence, there is no hypothesis or an y proof of such.Research works in Nigeria especially those adopting interview approach, are beset with a lot of limitations which accommodate mass illiteracy, dearth of reliable secondary data prejudice against the research himself and ensure secrecy. Many of these limitations were experienced in the course of its study.The study was carried out generally in Enugu although some data were gathered in Lagos. Therefore, the case study may not be regarded as a fact accompli report for investment purposes as only a limited investment has been conducted and a number of assumptions made.These limitations not withstanding it is believed that the findings of the study could be useful and should form the basis for further studies on the subject.1.6significance of the studyIf a project is well formulated and thoroughly appraised, a good follow-through on the subsequent stages of the project will see to its goals macrocosm achieved. Appraisal involves a careful checking of the basic data, as sumptions and methodology used in project preparation, an in-depth review of the work plan, cost estimates and proposed financing, an assessment of the projects organisational and management aspects, and finally the validity of the financial, economic and social benefits expected from the project. On the basis of such an assessment, a judgement is reached as to whether the project is technically sound, financially justified and viable from the point of view of the economy as a whole.The target audiences of this study are students of accountancy in the tertiary educational institutions and all those interested in the field of project evaluation. Since there appears to be no existing literature on the role of the accountant in feasibility and viability studies, this project attempts to till that gap for the benefit of accounting students. It would also help young entrepreneurs and indeed the management of small-scale business to appreciate the necessity of feasibility and viability ap praisal which will translate to the survival of their business which will in turn enhance the attainment of the government objective of rapid industrialization 1.7Limitation and delimitation of the study1.8DEFINITION OF TERMSThe following are the contextual definition of some terms used in the studyACCOUNTANTPROJECTA project is the use of one or more scarce resources during specific time period for the purpose of producing some economic makes or output at a later time. A project is the consumption in the near future of scarce or at least limited resources in the hope of obtaining in return over a longer is an optimum set in the investment oriented by means of which a defined continuation of human and clobber resources is expected to cause a determined amount of economic and social development. According Nweze (198734)INVESTMENTAccording to SIR D.C Osuagwu (200331) investments are carried out primarily for maximizing an entities wealthiness and can be varied into Mechanization of process where a firm wants to change its manual system of production to installation of a machine or expansion is a process. Investment is an economic activity designed to increases, improve or maintain the productive qualify of the existing stock of capital. According to Nweze (198734). NB project evaluation, investment analysis or appraisals are for the purpose of this study, synonymous and therefore used interchangeably here.FEASIBILITY AND VIABILITYFeasibility and viability have been explained in period elsewhere in this study. But for the present purpose let it suffice that respectively the mean practicability and profitability

Cultural attitudes-Mice and Men Essay

The following essay looks at the cultural attitudes and values expressed by the members of the gap and society in Of mice and custody by John Steinbeck, and how important it is to the main themes of the novella.The book was first published in nineteen thirty seven and is class during the great depression. Steinbeck based the story as his own experience as a bindle stiff.When looking at the relationship between men and women in the story, women atomic number 18 ignored. Curleys wife is generally ignored, throughout the story. Curley and his wife spend most of the period looking for each other as several points in the novel, Curleys wife asks Have you seen Curley? and vice versa for Curley. We are also able to see that the relationship between Curley and his wife isnt a particularly a amatory and loving one as in many parts of the story we are able to see friction between the two a run aground example of this universe when Curleys wife angrily and furiously replies to a order f rom Curley by saying You dont own me. Conveying to us how women were looked down upon during the time of the novella.Throughout the story, as a in a male perspective Curleys wife would seem flirtatious among the men and seeming sexual and persuading the men into having a relationship with her. However, in the view of a female reader she would be simply trying to make friends and more as an attempt to socialize rather than an attempt to flirt as Curleys wife is lonely. As Curleys wife herself states how lonely she feels on page 122 bit in dialog with Lennie moments prior to her death I get lonely. I cant talk to nobody but Curley. Else he gets mad. Howd you uniform not to talk to anybody?We are thus able to understand how men would treat their wives, with no respect or dignity. The irony of the marriage of Curley and his wife is that they go looking for each other almost all the time and there is so many disputes in their relationship.Moreover,it also shows how lonely she is and a lso gives us an brain how women were generally treated during that period of time and also how ignored and isolated they were from society.On page 124 Curleys wife explains how she almost realized her dream of being a Hollywood actress.She said she met a guy, an was in the pitchersSays I was a natural. Soons he got back to Hollywood he was gonna write to me around it. Throughout the story Curleys wife wears a cotton red dress and wears make up due to her aspirations of being a Hollywood actress.In human race Curleys wife cant achieve that much desired goal and most likely is never going to get there.Most importantly, Curleys Wife is unable to meet her targets and achieve her ambitions simply because she is married to Curley. All she can do is just fantasize. The fact that she has to only just stay at home, cook, clean and go to bed with Curley is prevents her from reaching her potentially achievable dreams. This telling us that there was a lot of sexism involved in this period of time against women. Men could go out earn and do really whatever they like while women/wives had to stay at home and provide the men/husbands with their needs. Mens attitudes towards women were selfish.Curleys wife in the whole novella has to proper name in which she is referred to. She is just referred to in the book and other characters as Curleys wife and not a name she has no identity in the novella. Women have no identity during this period of time, the fact the Curleys wife has no name to be referred to really displays the ignorance and unawareness towards Women.When examining possession and money in the novella, it is clear the Boss of the ranch who holds the glory of wealth. The fact that he owns the ranch and has earned the wealth and business position he is in right now is due to his own hard work.The irony with his son Curley, is that on the hierarchy of power he would be placed second highest behind his father he has not earned or not done anything in order to earn the power,money or respect. He is just inheriting it, he is the only person in the novella to achieve success in this perfunctory manner. Attitudes towards money were that if you had inherited wealth, that you would still have it regardless whether you deserved it or not.In the novella there is hardly any respect towards the elderly. dulcorate who is the oldest thespian on the ranch and has lost one hand has only his dog as his companion, his dog is a parellel to him., they were both regarded as useless and redundant on the busy ranch. Carlson shows the disregard for him when he intends to kill dulcorates dog. Candy pleads with him and says Ive had him since he was a pup. Throughout the argument between Candy and Carlson regarding Candys dog,Candy constantly expresses how much he wants the dog and how badly he wants to keep him by mentioning No,I couldnt do that. I had im too long. Candy has no real power in this situation due to his power on the ranch,his injured arm and old age.Th e fact the Carlson had in a involvement of moments without even consideration taken away Candys only love and is only hope in his life shows the utter disregard and thoughtlessness towards the elderly.Racism is seen in the novella as well. Crooks, who is the only African American is discriminated in many ways. He is referred to by his disability with the name Crooks, due to his tainted back. Another term he is referred to is nigger due to his ethnicity, nigger which using the term nowadays could be a punishable offence. Crooks is separated from the rest of the ranch, he is made by the others to live in his own room.As a result this causes him to feel lonely as he mentions that A gut neades somebody to be near him and A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody.The irony with Crooks that although he is discriminated, he is the only work member on the ranch to have his own privacy. Furthermore, despite his discrimination,

Choose college

Why did you choose to enroll In college and pursue your particular program of study? I decided to return to college to pursue my travel as a dental assistant and have an improvement in my education. It seemed to be a step closer to achieving my professional and personal goals. Another sympathy was that I wanted to have a correct education than Just a high school diploma. My ultimate goal is to be a provider and role model for my daughter Isabella.My next goal is to be dependent and to help my family financially. I know that when I finish my career I leave have many more Job opportunities that I have now. My main reason for wanting to go to college is that I wanted to have a better life. I wasted a lot of time without studying anything, it was time for a major change. Not only made the closing to return to college for myself except also for my daughter Isabella, she deserves a better life. Im tired of life story paycheck to paycheck, Just making the minimum.Not everyone can go to college to deter themselves, I am prosperous to have this opportunity to be a better person. Another reason why I decided to study in college is because my recent experience of finding a good Job, they only take seriously people, who have a college degree. I do not want to be working in restaurants as a waitress or other similar work, and barely having enough money to help my family financially. Getting my degree in Dental Assistant would greatly help to get a Job that I really like and have the desire to go every day.This decision to return to college was the best decision I have made in all time. I know its a hard worktop achieve my goal, but with dedication Ill make it. So far, I like college. At the end of everything really will be worth it and I will become the person who I want to be. Choose college By Julia Why did you choose to enroll in college and pursue your particular program of study? But also for my daughter Isabella, she deserves a better life. Im tired of living time. I know its a hard work to achieve my goal, but with dedication Ill make it. So

Case Analysis – The Best-Laid Incentive Plans

This paper seeks to answer two questions from the case entitled The Best-laid Incentive Plans by Steve Kerr. The first one is to identify relevant metrics man the second one is to discuss the potential incentive and disincentive characteristics of your metrics.2. Questions and Answers2.1. Identify relevant metricsThe relevant metrics being used by Harim were readiness and greet simplification which are focused on employees and company activities rather than on the customer. This fact is based on Harims plan to bring push down costs which had caused the placing for preservations on all the factors that could influence cost (Kerr, 2003). As proof it was commented that the company has found itself paying out bonuses but still the gainfulness of the company did not improve (Kerr, 2003).2.2 Discuss the potential incentive and disincentive characteristics of your metrics.The potential incentive characteristics include the fact the employees are given out bonuses for having produced savings. Producing saving could be beneficial to the company as this volition enable it to have funds for growth as well as sustaining its works capital requirements.On the other hand, the potential disincentive characteristics include the fact that the program is not fully understood by the employees as to the real purpose of the cost reduction and how it would redound to their benefits. Another disincentive characteristic is that it is more employee-focused than customer -focused which contributes to employees not understanding why they are the targets. The program also assumes that the organization was not working hard enough while the employees know that it is not the usual case in most companies. This has the effect of affecting the self esteem of people in the organization and necessary their job morale.The program lacks a clear definition of the criteria for success. By failing to explain the cost reduction program the employees may not understand the bottom line effects of the program. This could make them think that eventually it could result to their losing their jobs since their jobs also have cost to the company. The employees not seeing the big establish will be confused and this could cause them to lose their loyalties to the company and this could be more disastrous for the company.The metrics program of Hiram focuses on the intermediary steps and assumes that such enhancements will make a positive impact on the bottom line (Kerr, 2003). By falsely assuming that short term positive impacts will result, the opposite could result because the employees cannot understand the direction that they are taking. Or although it could produce positive result in the short run, the long term success is really being sacrificed.It may be argued that although the long term targets or goals are broken down into short terms objective, focusing on the short objective may create more problems. To illustrate, although less employees could mean less labor cost, it could also mean less customer service and customer loyalty, which is usually built over long term but could be lost in an instant by failing to address their short term needs as customers can switch anytime.Another disincentive characteristic is its failure to link with corporate strategy of marketing. Although the quality and cost of provided services need to be controlled at manageable levels the need to have more satisfied customer are equally if not more important. By measuring only the amount of cost that will be saved without relating with amount of revenues that will be lost, the company is in a losing game from which it is clearly missing the point of any incentive program or performance metrics.3. ConclusionPerformance should first be measured in terms of revenues before using cost reduction for the pith of going into business is using up assets and resources to generate revenues that expected to be higher that could cover up the expenses. Hiram program failed in this aspect.ReferenceKerr, S. The Best-Laid incentive Plans, motivate People, Harvard Business Review Case Study, 2003

Love and War

They say altogether is fair in recognize and war. This commonly known idiom is accepted across the nation because, in reality, both love and war result in someone getting hurt. Whether it be forgiving emotions or a human leg that ends up getting torn apart, the victim in question is also to blame. E very(prenominal)one has complete and fix power over his or her emotions, and of their choice in a lover/choice to fall in love. When it comes to war, nobody (at least nobody who lives in America) is forced to enlist in any division of the army. It is a human right to protect ones self from danger, and if that means not fighting for their country, wherefore they dont have to.However any particular that does choose to take part in battle understands the potential consequences. Both love and war are decisions, but the same is not unbowed when it comes to economics and a persons bank account. Financial status is determined at birth, which is very unlike the effects of love and war. Thos e who are born into wealth have the fortune of being fitting to start out their career, whatever it may be, at a higher than average rank. Achieving upper kinsperson status, retiring early, owning a fancy car, owning a big house etc. is sometimes caused by peck and can at times be the result of a high drive and a toilsome work ethic.Though, that is not usually the case. More often times than not, those who are rich when they are thirty, forty, lxx etc. start out that way. It all begins at birth. Upper class parents find it reputable to learn their children in a manner that is above par right from trying to get them to speak. Then, they send those children to a pre-pre school, followed by preschool, which not everyone has the opportunity to attend. Children from wealthy families usually attend private grade school (another immunity that comes along with having specie), which starts them off with a good education and puts them on the path to a positive future.Upon applying for their source job at age sixteen or so (if they even want to the rich usually have abundant money to forget the job and focus on their bettering their education, which is yet another get a line that sets them up for success), and since most of these people have lived in the same town for the entirety of their liveness, their parents have certain(a) connections to certain businesses and business owners, and could easily get their kid an above par job (probably doing practically nothing) or better yet a high paying internship.The bonus of an internship, however, in this case would not be the extra cash. Rather, it would provide them with a positive learning experience. College is just another step in their life that will come easy, because they get into a better college than they should, simply because one of their parents went there, knew someone who went there, or because the admissions surgical incision can see a perfect scholarly record in their name (which, is what universit y is all astir(predicate) so, it greatly benefits them).Finally, offspring of the wealthy many times will take over their parents top story business and make lots of money that way, or they will have done well enough at their great school (their parents set them straight from the beginning, it would be hard not to do well), that they acquired an evenly prestigious or more prestigious job for themselves. Either way, the cycle of wealth starts again. In conclusion, all is fair in love and war. However, when it comes to financial status, its a man eat man world. And the ones with the money always win.

Is Experience the Best Teacher? Essay

My strong life Ive been told practice shuffles perfect. Whether its in the lawn tennis court or in math class, the much you practice something, the better(p) you become at it. In the last few historic period Ive found come in that practicing and doing is not the same thing. Harry C onlyahan one time said, _experience is the best teacher_ and without a doubt it is. You can sit five hours taking a business class or 10 hours in a tennis practice merely until you go out to the real world and start doing business with other masses or play a real tennis tournament you wont _re all toldy_ LEARN. When experiencing things we all make mis tops and making mistakes, in the broad system of things, is good as long as we learn from them. Through the different experiences Ive had through tennis, my melodious adventures and my business deals, Ive learned from my errors, picked myself up from the ground, and ultimately grown as a hu domain being.On August 10, 2000 I stepped on to the tenni s court for my source tennis lessons. I had oldly act to play the sport but this day I was determined to start a journey in which I could master it. After my first real tennis year, I improved at an unlikely pace, and went a summer to the world-renowned Nick Bolletierri tennis Academy in Bradenton, Florida. At merely 11 years old, I found myself without my family and in an unknown place, but that didnt stop me from doing what I most loved, play tennis. After that summer I fell in love with that sport and went the next twain summers to Saddlebrook Tennis Academy in Tampa Bay Florida, where I polished my skills and started to play a few serious tournaments. The first tournaments that I played made me realize that no matter how much I had practiced in the tennis court, this was not practice, and at the beginning, my lack of tournament experience, hindered my ability to perform at my utmost level. In the few tournaments that I played in Florida and the dozens of tournaments I wit hstand played here, I have learned that practicing somethingand doing it were two different things. The more than I made mistakes and the more I was about to benefit a game, but then lost, were naval division of an experience which through time made me a better player.Ein truthone likes music, and everyone enjoys it, but there are some of us that absorb music and make it part of our occasional life. I have always been a huge music fan and in 2003 I headstrong to buy a guitar. Unlike my friends who heard music, I listened to it and analyzed it, taking it seriously and making it part of my life. After acting guitar for several months alone in my room I formed a phone with a few friends of mine, who at the time, shared the same musical taste as me. We had a bulk of trouble at the beginning adjusting, because despite the fact that we each knew had to play our instrument, playing all unneurotic was clearly not the same.After a few months of cleaning up the sound of our band, we decided to go ahead and play in front of a crowd so we signed up for the yearly School Talent Show. We were so proud and confident of ourselves that we announced it to all of our friends and made a blown-up deal about. On May 22, 2004, a day before my fourteenth birthday, we stepped onto the stage, in front of our whole school, and started to play Seven Nations Army by the White Stripes, the only song we practiced for the bypast two months. Amid the performance we were all looking at each other realizing that everything was sounding filthy and disorganized.As we were playing we saw the faces of our friends in the crowd, who tried disguising the fact that we had played terribly. After that talent show, and several other stately self-humiliating performances, we decided that we had enough embarrassment and we had to improve as a band. After several months of intense practicing, and the previous shameful experiences we had gone through, we started to become better and better. A year and a half after the irritating talent show performance we found ourselves playing in front of hundreds of people, and getting paid to do what we loved the most. Months later I stepped onto another(prenominal) musical journey but this time in the action Picture field. I started to make a movie with a couple of friends that ended up receiving bulky national attention.The movie started out as a project just for us to enjoy but as the Musical Director and Executive Producer, I knew we had something good in our hands and decided to make the most out of it. Eight months later it was viewedacross all the movie theaters in the capital and all the Movie Rentals in the country. The day after it was released in the movie theaters, we did over 4 newspaper interviews, over 5 live television interviews and we were reading on all major newspapers the headline Dominican Boys mystify National Movie. After the success of the movie and my very acclaimed role as Musical Director, we overheard a peg down from one of the biggest businessman in the Dominican Republic, to direct and produce his next upcoming movie. As of know we have just started to film that movie, but if it werent for all the times I impoverished myself on stage, or all the times I had to continue playing in front of people who were tired of listening and just wished for us to stop, If it werent for all those experiences, I wouldnt be where I am know.Being the independent person that I am, I do not like to lease for a lot of favors or gifts. Since I was a child, my father has taught me many vital lessons and one of them is that zero point is free and money is hard to get but easy to spend. After not being fit to have many of the toys that I craved as a child, I was left with this notion in my head that I had to produce money since I was young in order to have what I want and not having to ask for it. At 15 I took action and talked to one of my best friends and period business partner about the possibil ities of making t-shirts and selling it among my friends. After a few months we hired a man, who has made t-shirts for a living for over a decade, and paid him to make about one-hundred t-shirts and sold them all in a period of a month. We made a good profit and decided to take our business further. After months asking for a valuable meeting in Plaza Lama, the biggest department inventory in the Dominican Republic, I finally received it and after almost two hours of heavy ruling my partner and I finally landed a contract of over 1200 t-shirts to sell in their briny store.We immediately went to talk to our t-shirt manufacturer and after being to negotiate with him the prices, in order to receive a reasonable amount of profit, we got to an agreement. He was not as responsible as he seemed and took more time than promised, but we were fine since the t-shirts sold perfectly in Plaza Lama and we were just in time to receive a new contract. As we were sitting in Plaza Lama in a meeting with the manager of the clothing department, we received news that ourmanufacturer was manufacturing more of our t-shirts and selling them to another department store without permission making himself a fortune and not giving us our pertain pay. After a profound exchange of words with our manufacturer, we decided to part ways and take view as of our own future by manufacturing our own shirts, due to the fact that we had received a new contract for over 3,200 t-shirts to sell at all their national stores.Being inspired by an outsourcing lesson in my political economy class I talked to my partner about the possibilities of producing the shirts outside of the capital, where labor and production was cheaper, in order to make up profits. We did just that and in 6 weeks we produced all the t-shirts at half the price than before. We had to work harder since we were the ones organizing and transporting them. After a lot of hard work and effort, those t-shirts were all sold, we were paid and we realized that our companies profit had increased over 600% from the past set of t-shirts. Now we find ourselves selling over 3000 t-shirts a month, earning a solid amount of money, and start to build a webpage to offer our t-shirts to anyone interested in the Caribbean. Learning from our mistakes in the past, and learning not to tack too much trust on anyone, made us grow as business man and most importantly learn that money, unlike many people of my age do not know, is very hard to earn and very easy to spend.The experiences I have been through in life, have taught me lessons more valuable than any other teacher has been able to teach me in a classroom. When you go out and experience things and make mistakes, you learn from your errors, overcome those depressing moments and ultimately become a better world being.

Dorothea Lange

Art has always been Important to society. The art Influence and shift to society and which Is formed societys understanding and era. Especi tout ensembley visual arts such as paintings and photographs all primal for know better. For example Jaime Olayas painting La Famllla and Dorthea Langes photograph migrant yield. I am going to equalise and contrast the similarities and differences between Migrant Mother and La Familia.There are some similarities between the two. The first coincidence is their space. That artworks space is crowded and overlapping. Because the figures are large. Another similarity is composition. Both works are capturing a bring forth and her children. Although there are some similarities exactly there are several kinds of differences between Migrant Mother and La Familia. The first difference is their era. Migrant start was made in twentieth century but Migrant Mother was made in nineteenth century.Migrant mother colors are muddy and chill on the other h and La familia colors are colorful and bright. Another difference Is their balance. Migrant mother balance Is the mother thinker is slightly proportional and level with the childrens had. La famllla balance Is Mothers head Is not level at all not proportional. Another Important difference Is mood. Migrant mother mood Is depressing, worried, fear and very downhearted. All the same la familia mood Is happy, comforting, loving, peaceful and warm.Migrant mother pith is struggling mother for her children and to overcome hard times with together. In addition to La Familia message is a mother holding her children with passion and love. Another difference is variant. I mean migrant mother interpretation is realistic but La Familia interpretation is artistic. Because Migrant Mother is seen reality of life. All in all I believe art should tell the truth but at the same time offer beauty of life. So these artworks are one of best their period.

Things Fall Apart Chinua Achebe

chinaware Achebe, has achieved textual Integrity through a set of spirit Ideas which are developed through the characters and events In the saucy. The novel shows the drastic effect of white-hot missionaries who colonies an African kindred of tipple people bringing with them a recent religion as well as laws, punishments and precise deferent customs. Events described In the narrative highlight that a community and or an Individual must(prenominal) at well-nigh point adapt to limiting and a new environment or eccentric organism marginals by the rules of order.Awoken also works ere hard to show his strength, as an individuals fear of failure and loving gangrene may influence their behavior in society as well as sequestrate them. Particular characters In the novel manifest how religion and otherworldliness create a sense of condom and stability In society as well as something to fear. Achebe has portrayed these concepts in the community of the Bib people through the com ing of the missionaries and the downfall of the protagonist, Awoken. A community and or individual must at some point adapt to change and a new environment or face be marginals by the society.When the white missionaries come to the village of Ambulant they eventually build a hospital and a school, and welcome e rattlingone to Olin In their beliefs bringing the Isolated and the deserted together and giving them meaning in their lives. This is in harsh contrast to Awoken who wants to resist and bring back the familiar and known ways of the clan. Awoken said that until the vicious gang was chased out of the village with whips there would be no peace. This harsh didactics conveys his unbending personality and his narrow experience of the way the situation should be dealt with as he its cussed to his clansmen.This inability to adapt and accept the changes in his community lead to Ginkgos ultimate downfall. That man was one of the greatest men In Mafia. You drove him to kill himself The white Commissioner was damned for the death of Awoken blamed for his seclude. At some point it becomes a necessity to change adapt or even simply accept new arrivals and change or face not being able to live. An individuals fear of failure and social humiliation may influence their behavior in society as well as isolate them. Awoken has worked his self-coloured life to be different to is father and show the strength he has in him.It plays a abundant part in his personality and affects how he treats people and how he reacts to things always trying to be the contrary of his father who in his eyes was a failure. Fortunately among these people a man was judged jibe to his value and not according to the worth of his father. Achebes dramatic irony reveals Awoken has nothing to fear as his people bequeath only Judge him on his individual worth and not his fathers actions. Awoken never showed weakness or either emotion that was not anger. He had no patience for ND a temper, whi ch his family lived in fear of. provided his whole life was dominated by fear, the fear of failure and of weakness It (his fear) was not external except lay deep within himself It was the fear of himself, lest he should be found to resemble his father. This overpowering fear of himself dominated his life, made him who he was and influenced his behavior so much so it lead to regrettable mistakes. Religion and spirituality create a sense of safety and stability in society as well as something to fear. It (Muffin) was feared by all its neighbors. It was powerful in contend and in delusion.The fear of magic is strong and protects Muffle from war, and well as defends it. Their religious beliefs gave them strength when it came to their enemies no one wishes to wage war with a magic so powerful. This creates a fear driven law abidance. She (The Priestess of Cabala) was full of the power of her God, and she was greatly feared. Spirituality can give an individual power and a revered sta tus. The Priestess of Cabala Juxtaposes other women in this book, differentiating herself from the crowd with her ability to communicate with the spiritual realm and the Goddess Cabala.Spirituality and religious beliefs constitute an unquestionable power and a fear no one can contradict. One must be able to accommodate change and conform to society to a certain extent to allow improvement in oneself and even ones elaboration which is ever changing, ever improving otherwise one can face being left behind, being marginals or unable to endure the lasting effects. Awoken could not change or accept the changes in is community, he concentrated on not failing himself and avoiding social humiliation and keeping a stable and see status in community which can influence ones behavior in society, or lead to isolation.Spirituality creates a sure sense of balance and security and a fear that establishes order in a society which Achebe provokes through the novel and states the idea in many forms as to be accessible by all. Achebes novel Things Fall Apart has these core concepts which achieve its textual integrity and are displayed through the Bib people in Africa however can be expanded and applied to the whole. Things Fall Apart, a novel by China Achebe, has achieved textual integrity through a et of core ideas which are developed through the characters and events in the punishments and very different customs.Events described in the narrative highlight in the novel manifest how religion and spirituality create a sense of safety and stability in society as well as something to fear. Achebe has portrayed these concepts welcome everyone to Join in their beliefs bringing the isolated and the deserted personality and his narrow view of the way the situation should be dealt with as he men in Mafia. You drove him to kill himself The white Commissioner was blamed or the death of Awoken blamed for his suicide.At some point it becomes a a man was Judged according to his worth and n ot according to the worth of his his lazy son Known and always ran his household with a tough and hard set of rules something to fear. It (Muffle) was feared by all its neighbors. It was powerful in that a community and or an individual must at some point adapt to change and a war and in magic. The fear of magic is strong and protects Muffin from war, and men in Comfit. You drove him to kill himself The white Commissioner was blamed